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Food labels can help you make wise dietary decisions – but only if you understand their terminology. Here’s a brief history of food label nutrition panels and answers to some frequently asked questions.
A Brief History of Food Labels
In the US, government-sanctioned food labels have been in place since World War II. With national defense in mind, scientists determined the standard daily allowances of various nutrients needed to maintain our armed forces, civilians and overseas populations.
The labels in use today reflect a 1968 revision of those original recommendations. Since our knowledge about nutrition has advanced further since 1968, take the recommended daily allowances on nutrition labels with a proverbial grain of salt.
FAQ about Nutrition Labels
1. What are sugar alcohols?
The carbohydrate section of your food label might list sugars and sugar alcohols. Sugar alcohols or polyols are fruit-derived sweeteners. Since they’re relatively low calorie, they’re often used as sugar substitutes.
In small amounts, sugar alcohols are especially recommended for diabetics. They don’t cause a spike in blood sugar and they require virtually no insulin to be metabolized. What’s the hitch? When consumed in large amounts, sugar alcohols can cause bloating and diarrhea.
2. What should I know about the fat categories on a nutrition label?
Food labels originally only listed total fat. This was misleading because some fats are harmful and some fats are beneficial to the human body. Food labels today list total fat plus subcategories of saturated and unsaturated fats.
Saturated fat contributes to high cholesterol levels. It is found primarily in animal-derived products such as beef, pork, butter, cheese and milk. Some plant foods containing saturated fats include coconuts, palm oil and cocoa butter.
Unsaturated fats include both polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats. These are considered healthy fats because they lower your blood cholesterol level. Unsaturated fats are derived primarily from nuts, seeds, plants and fish. Most fat in your diet should come from these sources.
Since 2006, food labels have listed an additional subcategory of saturated fats: trans fats. Trans fats are especially dangerous and believed to raise cholesterol levels. They contribute to heart disease more than other saturated fats do. While trans fats are naturally present in small amounts in animal products, they’re also created during hydrogenation, which is the process used to make margarine, shortening and various cooking oils. Intake of trans fats should be limited to just 1% of one’s average daily calorie intake.
3. Which statistics must be included on a food label?
Carbohydrates, protein, sodium and fats are always listed on a food label. Since October 2010, the only other nutrients that must be listed include vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium and iron. It’s conventional to also include dietary fiber, cholesterol and a range of other nutrients such as folic acid and manganese if they’re present.
Nutrition labels can be misleading. Food manufacturers are permitted to round to the nearest half gram. Therefore a product might contain .4 grams of trans fat but be labeled as containing zero grams.
4. Do the published Recommended Daily Allowances (RDAs) apply to me?
RDAs are different for everyone. Daily calorie requirements vary with gender, age, weight, activity level and other factors. Food label RDAs are usually based on a 2,000 calorie diet without taking into account special individual health requirements.
Wouldn’t it be nice if we could pack on a few extra pounds every November, dig a deep hole and take a nap until April? Sadly, humans aren’t equipped to hibernate. Luckily, your body is well-equipped to handle seasonal extremes in temperature.
We’re better designed for staying cool when it’s hot than for staying warm when it’s cold. That’s why so many people buy economy radiators each year to weather the weather. Few things are as comforting as a warming blast of heat on a cold, wintry day.
Our bodies are extremely sensitive to cold temperatures. We have an array of built-in defense mechanisms to conserve heat and keep our body core at the right temperature. It doesn’t take too long to overwhelm our natural reaction to the cold. When that happens, bad things usually follow soon thereafter.
Your Internal Thermostat
Just like a car, you have your own on-board thermostat called the hypothalamus. If any part of your body gets cold, the hypothalamus takes notice quickly and performs a series of heat-conserving movements to protect you. This little gland in your brain is dedicated to maintaining the temperature of your core, often at the risk of damaging other parts of the body. There’s no need to flip a switch or rub your hands together. The hypothalamus kicks into gear involuntarily as soon as it senses a drop in temperature.
How well your hypothalamus works depends on a few factors. Any underlying conditions like diabetes or hepatitis could undermine effective heat retention. Your age and general health also play a role in how well and quickly your hypothalamus reacts to a drop in core temperature. Little by little, it starts a series of reactions designed to keep your core warm—even at the cost of a few fingers or toes. If your hypothalamus becomes overcome by the cold, the likely outcome is frostbite followed by death.
Symptoms of Excessive Cold on Your Body
When you first become cold, the hypothalamus shrinks the blood vessels in the skin to halt excessive loss of heat. To generate heat, your muscles start shivering. That makes your skin appear pale and feel cold to the touch. As you shiver, your teeth will chatter along with your muscles. Your body hairs will stand on end to create a pocket of warmth around the body. If your core temperature continues to decrease, the resulting effects get more and more serious. Here’s a list of what can be expected at different core temperatures.
• At 35 degrees Centigrade, you’ll begin shivering. That’s the first sign of mild hypothermia.
• You’ll feel confused and slur your speech at 34 degrees C.
• At 33 degrees C, the shivering ceases and your muscles stiffen. The pulse becomes slows and weakens.
• Drowsiness sets in at 32 degrees C.
• Severe hypothermia begins when your core temperature reaches 31 degrees C. At this point, your response levels are low.
• You’ll lose consciousness when your core reaches 30 degrees C. Your pupils will also dilate.
• At 29 degrees C, you’ll have no detectable pulse.
• You’ll appear to be dead at 28 degrees C.
• Death occurs if your core temperature reaches 26 degrees C.
What You Can Do to Stay Warm
Because our body is poorly equipped to handle the cold for a long period, it’s important that your behavioral responses pick up the slack. Layering clothing, exercising and eating high-energy food will help produce heat. Having a warm dry place to hunker down is a great advantage too. When the weather outside is frightful, curling up with a good book in an overstuffed chair is delightful, especially if you’re sitting next to an electric radiator.
Many people use whey protein to build muscles. Proteins are the building blocks that bodies need to increase muscle mass. There are many sources of protein: meats, nuts and legumes. However, athletes often have a difficult time acquiring all the protein they need through these sources. Weightlifters simply can only eat so many cans of beans. Many athletes look to protein supplements, such as whey protein, for additional nutrition.
Protein
Proteins are the essential tools bodies need to build muscles. During any exercise, whether it is increasing cardiovascular endurance or building muscle strength, miniscule tears are made in the muscles being exercised. These tiny tears are repaired during recovery.
The torn muscles use proteins to rebuild themselves, because proteins have the necessary energy in a readily usable format. A gram of protein contains more energy than a gram of fat, and it can immediately be used. Fat, on the other hand, must first be converted to another form.
What is Whey?
Little Miss Muffet is perhaps the most famous endorser of whey protein. She sat on her tuffet, “eating curds and whey.” Whey is a byproduct of making cheese; it is also found in yogurt. When cheese is made, the whey is separated from the curd. Sometimes when a container of yogurt is opened, there is a clear or slightly yellow liquid sitting atop the yogurt. That is whey. It is edible, and very nutritious.
The nutritional benefits of whey are also available in supplemental forms. It can commonly found in powders, drinks and nutrition bars. These forms of whey protein are healthier than others. Cheese and yogurt often contain fat, along with whey protein. In supplemental forms, this fat has been eliminated. Powders, drinks and bars are convenient, healthy ways to consume whey.
When to Consume Protein
Protein should be eaten throughout the day. During the day, bodies do not rest. Cells constantly have functions they must perform. When they cannot fulfill their role, people become fatigued. The most common reason for this is a lack of energy, literally. When a body suffers from fatigue, its cells do not have enough calories, which are a measure of energy, at that moment.
Protein is an important source of calories. Generally, people regard calories as evil things, counting each one. Calories affect health, but calories from protein are some of the healthiest there are. Some calories are needed to function, and protein is a good source for them.
When to Whey
While protein is needed throughout the day, there are times when it is more helpful for building lean muscles than others. After a workout, a body is trying to rebuild those small tears in its muscles. This requires protein, and whey protein from powders, bars or drinks is ideal.
How Much Whey to Weigh
According to the medical community, athletes should take in 0.7 grams of protein per pound each day. According to this ratio, a 200 pound man should have 140 grams of protein each day. A 150 pound person should consume 105 grams and a 100 lady should eat 70 grams every day. These numbers ought to constitute an athlete’s entire protein consumption.
Whey protein ought to be a significant percentage of those numbers. The amount consumed immediately after a workout can vary with the intensity of the workout. Some athletes have as much as 50 grams of whey protein a day. For a 200 pound person, this would constitute a third of his protein.
Protein is an essential component of a healthy diet and a muscle building regimen. A balanced diet will include protein from a variety of sources, and it will have some with every meal. To build lean muscles, athletes ought to supplement this regular protein intake with whey protein immediately after a workout or competition. When taken after exercising, whey protein decreases recover time and builds lean muscles.
Get exercise equipment you need to build those muscles over at the BHI Store.
Author Bio: Jason Shiers writes for Iron Science, a manufacturer of quality nutritional supplements such as whey protein isolate and creatine monohydrate.
More and more of the elderly in the West are giving meditation a try. This is nothing new in the East where the oldest generation has utilized meditation for centuries. Meditation, regardless of your spirituality, yields numerous benefits for those young and old. Many older meditation participants are reaping the benefits that meditation teaches for the trials of old age. The following examples are only a few of the health gains associated with meditation.
1. Lowers blood pressure. Meditation relieves your tension that cause high blood pressure. More scientifically speaking, the process of meditation influences the production of nitric oxide, which widens your blood vessels. Some physicians are suggesting meditation along with other lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise.
2. Relieves stress. Stress is a killer that can lead to a score of medical complications. As you get older the chance of stress triggering health conditions such as a heart attack or asthmatic episode is ever more likely. Daily meditation reduces your stress and teaches techniques to control stress in a tense situation.
3. Clear mindedness. One reason meditation is often associated with Eastern religion is because its clarity induced state is essential to those spiritual pursuits. Meditation allows for peacefulness and clear thought. Since the elderly are often more concerned about mortality, this allows for spiritual reflection regardless of your religious beliefs.
4. Focuses memory. Meditation can also assist with the onset of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. A study from the University of Pennsylvania suggests that daily meditation slows down the progression of Alzheimer’s. The study shows that participants who meditated just twelve minutes a day had increased blood flow in their brains. The participants also tested for improved memories.
5. Pain management. The idea is mind over matter, yet you don’t have to be a monk to manage pain. A study at the University School of Medicine indicates that pain discomfort is greatly reduced in test subject who were meditating. This sort of technique, if effective, would be invaluable to those with chronic pain.
6. Sleep. Proven to be effective with insomniacs, meditation can help with your sleep patterns. Try relaxing with mediation in the morning or afternoon but not before bed. While meditating relaxes you it can also wake you up if practiced to close to bedtime.
Meditation will take some effort and practice, yet the benefits for even the novice are great. Give meditation a try and see how it can work for you.
Matthew write health tips and helps to people to get free insurance quotes.